14. Life below water
Goal 14. Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development.
14.1 By 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution.
14.2 By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take measures for their restoration, in order to ensure healthy and productive oceans.
14.3 Minimize and address the impacts of ocean acidification, including through enhanced scientific cooperation at all levels.
14.4 By 2020, effectively regulate harvesting, and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated and destructive fishing practices, and implement science-based management plans to restore fish stocks as quickly as possible, at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield, as determined by their biological characteristics.
14.5 By 2020, conserve at least 10% of coastal and marine areas, in accordance with national and international law and based on the best available scientific information.
14.6 By 2020, ban certain forms of fisheries subsidies that contribute to overcapacity and overfishing, and eliminate subsidies that contribute to illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing, and refrain from introducing new subsidies such as these, recognizing that appropriate and effective special and differential treatment for developing and least developed countries should be an integral part of the World Trade Organization's fisheries subsidies negotiations.
14.7 By 2030, increase the economic benefits to small island developing States and least developed countries from the sustainable use of marine resources, including through sustainable management of fisheries, aquaculture and tourism.
14.a To increase scientific knowledge, develop research capacities and transfer marine technology, taking into account the criteria and guidelines on Marine Technology Transfer of the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, in order to improve ocean health and increase the contribution of marine biodiversity to the development of developing countries, in particular small island developing States and least developed countries.
14.b To provide small-scale artisanal fishers with access to marine resources and markets.
14.c Ensure the conservation and sustainable use of the oceans and their resources through the implementation of international law, as reflected in UNCLOS [United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea], which provides the legal framework for the conservation and sustainable use of the oceans and their resources, as recorded in paragraph 158 of "The Future We Want".
